探索政府管理创新的发展新思路

A few days ago from the central government to civil society. "Government Transformation" or "government acknowledge innovation" has become a very popular hot topic. In the sense of the surface. Government transformation in sleepy Gai-ping of an important part. That government transformation is trapped in the context of economic reform appears apple and serve. It is a new form of ruling capacity building against the Government made an urgent requirement. Also})} trapped for economic and social transformation studies the role of government during the needs is the sleepy Gai-ping entered a crucial stage where the core content. Lapsang trapped for change in the economic field apple is starting. Trapped in the government "taking economic construction as the center," the guiding ideology of the shadow ah Bian under. Zo years we will Bian to energy and money in the development economy, while ignoring the social development. formation of a "re-acknowledge the service. heavy economic light society" acknowledge ideas and patterns, thereby resulting in economic and social development of the small coordination serious consequences for the government's public service provision severe Small foot. shadow ah the overall economic and social state of inner balance production Bu. This forces us to be broken in practice small theoretical exploration and system innovation. Compels us to explore in practice the government acknowledge innovative path of development and it is a social Bian Yi market economy develops to a certain stage of the objective needs is the development of social Bian Yimin Bian political urgent requirement. also further expand opening up the inevitable choice.     First, the government acknowledge the market     With a market point of view. Tradition, G bureaucratic system exists Bian problem is that they are unable to provide sufficient incentives to encourage their members to do their job efficiently} _ made. Prisoners and to improve the efficiency of the best-governmental organizations even the only way is to use some kind of built on market-based mechanism instead of the traditional, G bureaucratic institutions. So the market model to promote the use of market mechanisms advocates Gai-ping government in the field of public administration, the private sector and the introduction of market competition. They hope to use the market model to solve the traditional problems of public administration.   Privatization Gai-ping is a contemporary market-oriented reform of the difficulties the government is the biggest characteristic apple. Its contents will be trapped Bian-owned enterprises and privatization of public services through contracting and quasi-market mode of operation to achieve a more effective competition and consumer choice. Apple changed the initial implementation of privatization Japanese standard is through competition and market forces. Improve service quality, increase service options, reduce service into wood; while government solution J +:, streamline the organization and personnel. Reduce the size of government and operations into wood. enhance the Government's administrative efficiency. This policy means. Changed the supply of public services, government, market supply private services one yuan separation pattern. Traditional mode of a sleepy government acknowledge notable feature is a small sub-government and enterprises in the public sphere and the private sphere are of an administrative order for the publication. Serious Burke and vitality of the market space. New in the sleepy market-oriented reform of public services in the field of apple and the introduction of market mechanisms, which for me sleepy market provided the government acknowledge the development of space. But here advocated by the government acknowledge the market. Merely functional areas of individual privatization of small government can hear him all areas of privatization.   Second, the government acknowledge flexible       The Government refers to a flexible adaptability Ability to respond effectively to new challenges. More accurate understanding yes. Flexibility refers to the government and its agencies have the ability to change according to the environment to develop appropriate policies and small is} d.} Given way to respond to new challenges. Flexible proposed concept u} in government in terms of personnel appointments and public organizations on the iron rice bowl of water for a long time the negative impact ah j 'a pan-anxiety. Mountain structural rigidities in government caused serious negative shadow ah. Brought acknowledge style water durability. Production capacity but also for the society has had a serious negative consequences for divination. So Elastic patterns become the status quo to change public sector viable options. Wooden conceived its base within the government structure to take optional mechanism to replace that this policy area from the water for a long time thought to have the power of traditional sectors and institutions. Prisoners here. Use Flexible acknowledge method and setting flexible organization than I d. {Set while the water is easy to lead to better long-organizational performance. This is also the prisoners. Flexible acknowledge mode in the new era has a high applicability and legal} h}. Trapped by all l 'a pan welcome.       Flexible modes of specific measures is emphasized that "flexibility." Bian Zhang breaking undo existing organization in order to avoid prison organizational rigidities caused problems. The combination of the actual situation of the government is trapped can hear him from a microscopic level, this attempt to start Gai-ping, such as the implementation of "flexible personnel acknowledge," "flexible functions hear him", etc. in order to help the government as quickly and efficiently crisis facing the rapidly increasing demand for services or respond. And then a step to push a 'one to another dimension. Third, acknowledge Bian pluralism       Any implementation of a public affairs through phase spoon _ contacts, exchange of information, intentions spoon _ for each other means and ways to coordinate this done. This means that the government administrative behavior from a single spoon _ to move toward. Trapped inside the scholar Yu Keping <balls era government acknowledge mode) the article pointed out. "Good governance" is actually the power of family hardship to the community's return. Good governance is a process of government to the people of the process. Good governance means that family and social hardship or that the government and the good cooperation between citizens, who depend on the voluntary cooperation of citizens and on the authority of conscious recognition. Without the active participation and cooperation of good governance at most, while the smaller will be good governance. The foundation of good governance is not so much the government and sleepy home. Still small as it is a citizen or civil society. Requires the decentralization of government. To local governments, especially local governments more power. Facilitating their autonomous organization for the community to provide more opportunities for the public acknowledge and self-Santos. In the new participatory governance. Organizations engaged in public hear him will quickly develop. Has this organization in terms of size but also Xuhui Cheng t `to have the strength of competition with the Government. Results The government is likely to become a large public hear him in the organization of an organization. Government and other organizations in the same legal system carried out under the framework of competition. Entire community has formed in the public acknowledge polycentric situation. Originally trapped in the home and social separation between the government and social organizations "competitive partnership" in the process of integration into being. After a monopoly of the government and the small cut legal powers outside government. Society there is a this other agencies and units responsible to maintain order. Participation in economic and social regulation. This prisoners This approach is effective government hear him acknowledge the foundation. This organization through which governments, community action between the spoon _. Hear him coming up the day.       To diversify hear him, first to release a single interest group should be the government's monopoly of the process-oriented Take the "polycentric governance" as the structural characteristics allow more j 'a pan-social classes within either a citizen or a leader in one pass More and more flexible ways to participate in policy formulation, implementation and evaluation process involved government action {ir, supervision and inspection, which is the basis of legitimacy of the government reconstruction minimum conditions. Second, should be encouraged that this has always been excluded from the decision-Fan Wei, an outside organization members so that they have greater personal and collective participation. Little of the establishment in question, the response on the issue. Still being accepted in implementing the program. Both must allow more citizens to participate; government should be more open, while the smaller should be confined to policy experts, and is responsible for program bureaucrats of opinion. The simplest form of a referendum. Is to let the public through a direct ballot to decide policy issues to be the method used. Trapped in the middle of the mountain in force in the history of husband inherited centralized authoritarian cultural traditions on the implementation of the government acknowledge diversity constituted a barrier. And has been produced in the real social and political activities caused a Bu this predicament. But this is precisely underscores the necessity of implementing diversity and acknowledge the significance. In the height of the storm storm level institutionalized within the community to introduce a new acknowledge mode allows NGO CN GOB, non-profit organization CNPO}, Bu _ community organizations, civic organizations, third sector and from the private sector together with government commitment hear him from public affairs. providing public services responsibility to effectively resolve the shortcomings of the government unified centralized hear him.       It should be noted that government organizations throughout the community still serves as a very important role, especially in the legitimate use of violence, decisions on major allocation of public funding u} direction and upholding civil rights group wood and realize fair value and so on. Government other organizations will still play an irreplaceable role small can. But it is a little longer the sole function of the implementation of social acknowledge the core of power.       Fourth, government organizations flattening       Knowledge economy caused a bureaucratic government kept changing environment Bu production. Bureaucracy production as a "} _ with a formal rationality" form of organization. Was once the most authoritative government implemented hear him means. However, in the contemporary. Mountains in the continuing social and economic environment and profound changes. Bureaucracy is gradually diminishing the effectiveness of the government. System is not designed hierarchical pyramid organizational structure of government is gradually being olive flattening organizational structure of the government replaced.       Government flat organizational structure for solving and dealing with government bureaucratic organizations rapidly increasing bureaucratization acknowledge expanded rapidly and increasingly complex social and economic activities of the various issues arising from the government organizations, governments acknowledge the angles for each ways to explore and try. hierarchical organization is a major amendment which reduce intermediate links and strengthened through direct {ir, Governor, and many other efforts to rebuild the service provider directly affected by the customer tested a flat organization and institutions.       Above all the difficulties the government acknowledge innovation is in practice being explored. It requires the government acknowledge the continuous development and improvement of small and medium activity and any one model to be successful. Both must carefully consider the strategies adopted and tactics. Of course. Achieve a more comprehensive government acknowledge innovative model of governance must also be a corresponding change in many other Apple co-ordination. Government acknowledge innovation is dynamic. As society becomes the reality of Apple's focus on ways to constantly adjust the degree. To obtain optimal results. 前几天，从中央到民间社会。 “政府转型”或“政府承认创新”已经成为一种非常流行的热门话题。在这个意义上的表面。政府转型昏昏欲睡改平的重要组成部分。出现，政府转型是经济改革的背景下，被困在苹果和服务。这是一种新形式的对政府提出的执政能力建设的迫切要求。此外}）}被困在需要政府的作用，为经济和社会转型研究是昏昏欲睡的改平进入攻坚阶段的核心内容。正山被困在经济领域，苹果开始改变。被困在政府“以经济建设为中心”的指导思想下的阴影阿扁。莫宁年，我们将扁在发展经济的精力和金钱，而忽略了社会的发展。 “再确认服务，重经济轻社会”的形成应答思路和模式，从而在经济和社会发展的小型协调为政府的公共服务供给严重的小足的严重后果。影子啊内心的平衡生产卜整体经济和社会状态。这迫使我们必须在实践中破小的理论探索和制度创新。迫使我们在实践中探索政府承认创新的发展道路，这是一个社会卞以市场经济发展到一定阶段的客观需要，是发展社会卞益民卞政治上的迫切要求。也进一步扩大对外开放的必然选择。     首先，政府承认市场   随着市场的角度来看。传统，G官僚体系存在扁的问题是，他们无法提供足够的诱因，以鼓励其成员有效地做好本职工作} _。囚犯和提高政府机构的效率，最好的甚至是唯一的办法是使用某种建立在以市场为基础的机制，而不是传统的官僚机构，G。因此，样板市场，推动运用市场机制的倡导者改平政府在公共行政领域，私营部门和引入市场竞争。他们希望用市场模型，解决了传统的公共管理问题。   私有化改平是当代以市场为导向的改革，政府的最大特点是苹果的困难。其内容将被困扁国有企业和公共服务私有化，通过承包和准市场化的运作模式，实现了更有效的竞争和消费者的选择。苹果改变，初步实现了私有化日本标准是通过竞争和市场力量。提高服务质量，增加服务选项，降低成木的服务，而政府的解决方案，J +，精简机构和人员。降低政府和运营的大小成木。提高政府的行政效率。这一政策手段。改变供给的公共服务，政府，市场供应私人服务元分离模式。传统模式下，一个沉睡的政府承认显着特点是小分以行政命令的出版物在公共领域和私人领域的政府和企业。严重的伯克和活力的市场空间。昏昏欲睡的市场化改革公共服务领域的苹果和引进市场机制，这对我沉睡的市场提供了政府承认新的发展空间。但在这里，由政府倡导，承认市场。个别小政府私有化仅仅是功能区，可以听到他在所有领域的私有化。   其次，政府承认灵活       政府指的是一个灵活的适应性能力，以有效应对新的挑战。更准确的了解。灵活性是指政府及其机构有能力根据环境的变化，制定相应的政策和小}（四）}方式来应对新的挑战。柔性提出的概念u}中政府的人事任命和公共机构的水很长一段时间的负面影响啊J'泛焦虑铁饭碗。山政府结构僵化，造成了严重的负面阴影啊。带来承认风格的耐水性。生产能力，但也为社会造成了严重的消极后果占卜。所以弹性的图案成为现状，改变公共部门的可行的选择。木构思其基地在政府架构内采取可选的机制，以取代从水很长一段时间，这一政策领域想有传统的部门和机构的力量。这里的囚犯。使用灵活的确认方法和灵活的组织设置比I D。 {设置，而水是容易导致更好的组织绩效。这也是囚犯。灵活的应答模式，在新的时代，具有较高的适用性和法律} H}。受困于所有L'泛欢迎。       灵活模式的具体措施强调的是“灵活性”。卞吒嗯打破撤消现有的组织，以避免监狱组织僵化造成的问题。被困的实际情况相结合，政府可以听到他从微观层面，这种尝试开始改平，如实施“灵活的用人承认”，“灵活的功能，听到他”等，以帮助政府快速，高效地所面临的危机对服务的需求迅速增加，或回应。然后一步一个'推到另一个层面。第三，承认卞多元化       任何实施的公共事务通过相位勺_联系，信息交流，用心勺_为对方的手段和方法来协调这个工作。这意味着，从一个单一的勺子_政府行政行为走向。媚惑学者俞可平球时代的政府确认模式）一文中指出。 “善治”实际上是家庭困难的力量对社会的回报。良好的政府治理是一个过程的人的过程。良好的治理意味着，家庭和社会困难，政府和公民之间的良好合作，依赖于公民自愿的合作和对权威的自觉识别。没有最善治的积极参与和合作，而较小的将是良好的治理。良好治理的基础，是没有这么多的政府和困家庭。还小，因为它是一个公民或民间社会。需要政府的权力下放。地方政府，特别是地方政府更多的权力。促进他们自治组织，为社会提供更多的机会让公众承认和自我桑托斯。在新的参与治理。组织从事公共听到他很快就会发展。这个组织在规模也许会成吨`有实力与政府的竞争。结果政府是有可能成为一个大型的公共听到他在一个组织的组织。政府及其他机构在同一法律制度进行了框架下的竞争。整个社会已经形成了公众承认多中心的情况。被困在家庭和社会之间的分离政府和社会组织在整合的过程中应运而生的“竞争伙伴”。经过政府和小切口政府以外的法律权力的垄断。这个社会有其他机构和单位负责维持秩序。参与经济和社会调节。这个犯人，这种方法是有效的政府听到他承认的基础。该组织通过政府，社区行动之间的勺子_。听到他的一天。       要多元化，听到他，第一次释放一个兴趣组应该是政府垄断的面向过程采取了“多中心治理”的结构特点允许更多Ĵ“无论一个公民或一个领导者在一个内一个泛社会类通过更多和更灵活的方式参与政策的制定，实施和评估过程中涉及的政府行动{IR，监督和检查，这是政府合法性重建的最低条件的基础。其次，应鼓励，这一直被排除在决策范伟，外部组织成员，使他们有更大的个人和集体参与。小成立的问题，在这个问题上的反应。实施方案仍在接受。两者必须让更多的公民参与，政府应该更加开放，而规模较小的应限于政策专家，并负责方案官僚的意见。最简单的形式进行全民投票。是通过直接投票，让市民来决定政策问题所采用的方法。被困在山的中间力量在历史上的丈夫继承了集权专制的文化传统对政府实施，承认多样性构成了障碍。并已在现实社会和政治活动引起了卜这种困境。但是，这恰恰是强调实施多样性的必要性，并承认意义。在风暴制度化水平，在社区内引入一个新的确认模式的高度，允许非政府组织CN采空区，非营利组织CNPO}卜_社区组织，民间组织，第三部门和私​​营部门一起政府承诺听到他的公共事务。提供公共服务的责任，有效地解决政府统一集中的缺点，听到他的声音。       应该指出的是，整个社会还是政府组织作为一个非常重要的角色，尤其是在合法使用的暴力行为，决定对主要公共资金u}中方向分配和维护公民权利团体的木材和实现公平价值等。政府其他机构仍将发挥不可替代的作用，小可。但它是长一点的唯一功能，实施社会承认的核心动力。       四，政府组织扁平化       知识经济造成官僚政府不停地改变生产环境卜。官僚制作为“} _与形式理性”的组织形式。是最权威的政府一旦实施，听他的意思。然而，在当代。山在持续的社会和经济环境而深刻的变化。官僚主义正在逐步减少政府的有效性。系统的设计不是分层的金字塔政府组织结构正逐渐被政府橄榄扁平化的组织结构所取代。       政府扁平化的组织结构，解决和处理与政府官僚机构迅速增加官僚承认迅速扩大和日益复杂的社会和经济活动所产生的各种问题，从政府组织，政府承认的角度为每个方法的探索和尝试。分层组织是一个重大修订，减少了中间环节，直接{IR，省长，和许多其他努力重建受测试扁平化的组织和机构客户的服务提供商直接通过加强。       以上所有的困难，政府承认，创新是在实践中探索。它要求政府承认中小型活动的不断发展和完善，任何一个模型是成功的。双方必须仔细考虑所采取的策略和战术。当然。实现更全面的政府承认创新的治理模式也必须相应的变化在许多其他苹果统筹。政府承认创新是动态的。随着社会的变成现实的方式来不断调整的程度苹果的重点。为了获得最佳的结果。